Founded by the Spanish in 1776, this city was named in honour of Saint Francis of Assisi. It is in California, at the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, between the Pacific Ocean to the west and the San Francisco Bay to the east, hence its nickname, the City by the Bay. It was here that Levi Strauss & Co was founded in 1853, and so we have SF to thank for the invention of jeans. It was also the birthplace of the Beat Generation in the 50s. Its most famous sight is the Golden Gate Bridge, the 2,737 metre-high suspension bridge recognisable by its “international orange” paint, which is made by mixing 100 parts yellow, 69 parts magenta and 6 parts black. To the south of the city, Silicon Valley, the world’s first high-tech hub, is home to companies like Google and Facebook. The city’s sports stars include its 49ers American football team, the Giants baseball team and the Warriors basketball team.